# Integrating SystemC TLM into FMI 3.0 Co-Simulations with an Open-Source Approach

## TL;DR

This paper introduces an open-source method to integrate SystemC TLM models into FMI 3.0 co-simulations, enhancing interoperability for complex cyber-physical system modeling.

## Contribution

It presents a novel open-source approach for encapsulating SystemC TLM models as FMI 3.0 FMUs, enabling seamless cross-domain co-simulation integration.

## Key findings

- Successful integration demonstrated through case studies
- Enhanced interoperability across heterogeneous simulation environments
- Open-source toolchain facilitates adoption and customization

## Abstract

The growing complexity of cyber-physical systems, particularly in automotive applications, has increased the demand for efficient modeling and cross-domain co-simulation techniques. While SystemC Transaction-Level Modeling (TLM) enables effective hardware/software co-design, its limited interoperability with models from other engineering domains poses integration challenges. This paper presents a fully open-source methodology for integrating SystemC TLM models into Functional Mock-up Interface (FMI)-based co-simulation workflows. By encapsulating SystemC TLM components as FMI 3.0 Co Simulation Functional Mock-up Units (FMUs), the proposed approach facilitates seamless, standardized integration across heterogeneous simulation environments. We introduce a lightweight open-source toolchain, address key technical challenges such as time synchronization and data exchange, and demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the integration through representative case studies.