Maximal estimates for orthonormal systems of wave equations with sharp regularity

TL;DR

This paper establishes optimal maximal estimates for the wave equation with orthonormal initial data across various dimensions, improving previous bounds and introducing a novel analytical approach for sharper regularity and summability results.

Contribution

It provides the first sharp regularity estimates in dimension 3 and refines Schatten exponent bounds in higher and lower dimensions, advancing the understanding of wave equations with orthonormal data.

Findings

Optimal results in dimension 3 with sharp regularity exponent.

Sharp Schatten bounds for dimensions ≥4 and for dimension 2.

Introduction of a novel integral analysis technique for $eta=2$ case.

Abstract

We study maximal estimates for the wave equation with orthonormal initial data. In dimension $d=3$, we establish optimal results with the sharp regularity exponent up to the endpoint. In higher dimensions $d \ge 4$ and also in $d=2$, we obtain sharp bounds for the Schatten exponent (summability index) $\beta\in [2, \infty]$ when $d\ge4$, and $\beta\in[1, 2]$ when $d=2$, improving upon the previous estimates due to Kinoshita--Ko--Shiraki. Our approach is based on a novel analysis of a key integral arising in the case $\beta=2$, which allows us to refine existing techniques and achieve the optimal estimates.