In-vitro Anti-bacterial Activity of Methanol and Aqueous Crude Extracts of Horsfieldia iryaghedhi

TL;DR

This study evaluates the in vitro antibacterial activity of methanol and aqueous extracts from Horsfieldia iryaghedhi leaves and bark, finding potential activity against Staphylococcus aureus but not E. coli, suggesting further research for antibiotic development.

Contribution

First in vitro assessment of Horsfieldia iryaghedhi extracts' antibacterial activity, highlighting potential for new antibiotic leads from this plant.

Findings

Methanol leaf and combination extracts inhibit S. aureus at high concentrations.

No activity observed against E. coli at tested concentrations.

Methanol extracts warrant further analysis for antibacterial compounds.

Abstract

Aims: Over the past two decades, the rise of multidrug resistance (MDR) in bacteria has posed a significant threat to global health. The urgent need for new treatment alternatives has brought attention to the potential of plants, which harbor a wealth of unexplored phytochemicals with therapeutic properties. This study aims to evaluate the anti-bacterial efficacy of methanol and aqueous extracts from the leaves and bark of Horsfieldia iryaghedhi In vitro. Methodology: Aqueous and methanol extracts were obtained from the cold maceration method. In vitro anti-bacterial activity of methanol and aqueous leaf, bark, and combination extracts were determined against gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC25923). The anti-bacterial assay for different concentrations of each extract was conducted through the well-diffusion method, with Gentamycin serving as the positive control. Results: Methanol leaf and combination extracts of Horsfieldia iryaghedhi have shown a positive anti-bacterial response at their highest concentrations of 1000mcg/mL and 500mcg/mL against grampositive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus while none of the extracts showed anti-bacterial activity against gram-negative E. coli at the experimented concentrations. Conclusion: The study concludes that methanol extracts of H.iryaghedhi should be further analyzed for their anti-bacterial activity, and there could be potential lead molecules that can be developed as antibiotics