Tsunami Solitons Emerging from Superconducting Gap

TL;DR

This paper introduces an integrable system with tsunami-like solitons linked to superconducting gaps, revealing novel stationary solutions and complex background behaviors with implications for plasma physics and superconductivity.

Contribution

It presents a new integrable model connecting tsunami solitons to superconducting quasiparticles, including inhomogeneous solutions called KdV rocks, and introduces the concept of isodispersive phases.

Findings

Tsunami-like solitons emerge from superconducting gaps.

The model includes inhomogeneous stationary solutions with arbitrary bumps.

A new classification scheme for quasiperiodic backgrounds is proposed.

Abstract

We propose a classical integrable system exhibiting tsunami-like solitons with a rocky-desert-like disordered stationary background. One of the Lax operators describing this system is interpretable as a Bogoliubov--de Gennes Hamiltonian in parity-mixed superconductors. The family of integrable equations is generated from this seed operator using Krichever's method, whose pure $s$-wave limit includes the coupled Schr\"odinger--Boussinesq hierarchy applied to plasma physics. A linearly unstable finite background with a superconducting gap supports the tsunami-soliton solution, where the propagation of the step structure turns back at a certain moment, accompanied with the oscillation on the opposite side. In addition, the equation allows inhomogeneous stationary solutions with an arbitrary number of bumps at arbitrary positions, which we term \textit{the Korteweg--de Vries (KdV) rocks}. In the Zakharov--Shabat scheme, the tsunami solitons are created from the Bogoliubov quasiparticles in the energy gap and the KdV rocks from normal electrons/holes. The unexpected large space of stationary solutions originates from the non-coprime Lax pair and the multivalued Baker--Akhiezer functions on the Riemann surface, formulated in terms of higher-rank holomorphic bundles by Krichever and Novikov. Furthermore, the concept of \textit{isodispersive phases} is introduced to characterize quasiperiodic multi-tsunami backgrounds and consider their classification.