Rotational Effects on Neutrino Emission in Core-collapse Supernovae

TL;DR

This study analyzes how stellar rotation influences neutrino emissions in core-collapse supernovae through simulations, revealing effects on neutrino counts, energies, and potential observational constraints.

Contribution

It introduces a systematic analysis of rotation effects on neutrino signals and develops new multimessenger techniques to determine neutrino mass ordering and supernova distance.

Findings

Rotation reduces neutrino counts and energies.

Viewing angle significantly affects neutrino emission observations.

New methods for constraining neutrino mass ordering and supernova distance.

Abstract

All stars rotate. While magnetic braking slows massive stars, the effect a stellar companion has on stellar rotation is still being explored. To prepare for future observations from rotating core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe), we analyze a set of 30 2D neutrino radiation-hydrodynamic CCSN simulations for a variety of compactness values, rotation rates, and equations of state. We systematically explore how rotation lowers expected neutrino counts and energies for a realistic detector, while accounting for adiabatic Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein matter effects. We quantify the effect of viewing angle for neutrino emission for multiple rotation rates. Using 'multimessenger synthesis', we develop a technique that correlates multimessengers to constrain the neutrino mass ordering for a future supernova event. Likewise, we develop a method to constrain the distance to a rotating or nonrotating CCSN, regardless of explosion outcome.