Universal Statistics of Charges Exchanges in Non-Abelian Quantum Transport

TL;DR

This paper establishes universal fluctuation relations and thermodynamic bounds for non-Abelian quantum transport, revealing novel effects like apparent second law violations and current inversion due to non-commuting charges.

Contribution

It extends fluctuation theorems to non-Abelian quantum systems, uncovering new thermodynamic phenomena arising from charge non-commutativity.

Findings

Universal fluctuation relations for non-Abelian charges

Potential violations of the second law in quantum transport

Enhanced current fluctuation precision and current inversion capabilities

Abstract

We derive detailed and intergral fluctuation relations as well as a Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relation constraining the exchange statistics of an arbitrary number of non-commuting conserved quantities among two quantum systems in transport setups arbitrary far from equilibrium. These universal relations, valid without the need of any efficacy parameter, extend the well-known heat exchange fluctuation theorems for energy and particle transport to the case of non-Abelian quantum transport, where the non-commutativity of the charges allows bending standard thermodynamic rules. In particular, we show that this can lead to apparent violations of the second law of thermodynamics, it enhances precision in the current fluctuations, and it allows for the inversion of all currents against their affinity biases.