Precise Action-to-Video Generation Through Visual Action Prompts

TL;DR

This paper introduces visual action prompts using visual skeletons to enable precise, cross-domain action-to-video generation of complex interactions, balancing precision and transferability.

Contribution

It proposes a novel visual skeleton-based action representation that enhances cross-domain transferability and precision in action-driven video generation models.

Findings

Effective cross-domain training with skeletons from HOI and robotic data

Improved control over complex interactions in generated videos

Preservation of dynamic transferability across domains

Abstract

We present visual action prompts, a unified action representation for action-to-video generation of complex high-DoF interactions while maintaining transferable visual dynamics across domains. Action-driven video generation faces a precision-generality trade-off: existing methods using text, primitive actions, or coarse masks offer generality but lack precision, while agent-centric action signals provide precision at the cost of cross-domain transferability. To balance action precision and dynamic transferability, we propose to "render" actions into precise visual prompts as domain-agnostic representations that preserve both geometric precision and cross-domain adaptability for complex actions; specifically, we choose visual skeletons for their generality and accessibility. We propose robust pipelines to construct skeletons from two interaction-rich data sources - human-object interactions (HOI) and dexterous robotic manipulation - enabling cross-domain training of action-driven generative models. By integrating visual skeletons into pretrained video generation models via lightweight fine-tuning, we enable precise action control of complex interaction while preserving the learning of cross-domain dynamics. Experiments on EgoVid, RT-1 and DROID demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach. Project page: https://zju3dv.github.io/VAP/.