$\boldsymbol{H}(\textbf{curl})$-reconstruction of piecewise polynomial fields with application to $hp$-a posteriori nonconforming error analysis for Maxwell's equations

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new $oldsymbol{H}( extbf{curl})$-reconstruction method for piecewise polynomial fields, providing optimal bounds and applications to $hp$-a posteriori error analysis in Maxwell's equations.

Contribution

It develops a novel $oldsymbol{H}( extbf{curl})$-reconstruction operator with proven bounds, extending to various boundary conditions and mesh types, and applies it to Maxwell's equations error analysis.

Findings

Reconstruction bounds are $h$-optimal and $p$-suboptimal by 0.5 or 1.5 orders.

A new broken-curl, divergence-preserving Poincaré inequality is established.

Application to $hp$-a posteriori error analysis of Maxwell's equations.

Abstract

We devise and analyse a novel $\boldsymbol{H}(\textbf{curl})$-reconstruction operator for piecewise polynomial fields on shape-regular simplicial meshes. The (non-polynomial) reconstruction is devised over the mesh vertex patches using the partition of unity induced by hat basis functions in combination with local Helmholtz decompositions. Our main focus is on homogeneous tangential boundary conditions. We prove that the difference between the reconstructed $\boldsymbol{H}_0(\textbf{curl})$-field and the original, piecewise polynomial field, measured in the broken curl norm and in the $\boldsymbol{L}^2$-norm, can be bounded in terms of suitable jump norms of the original field. The bounds are always $h$-optimal, and $p$-suboptimal by $\frac12$-order for the broken curl norm and by $\frac32$-order for the $\boldsymbol{L}^2$-norm. An auxiliary result of independent interest is a novel broken-curl, divergence-preserving Poincar\'{e} inequality on vertex patches. Moreover, the $\boldsymbol{L}^2$-norm estimate can be improved to $\frac12$-order suboptimality under a (reasonable) assumption on the uniform elliptic regularity pickup for a Poisson problem with Neumann conditions over the vertex patches. We also discuss extensions of the $\boldsymbol{H}_0(\textbf{curl})$-reconstruction operator to the prescription of mixed boundary conditions, to agglomerated polytopal meshes, and to convex domains. Finally, we showcase an important application of the $\boldsymbol{H}(\textbf{curl})$-reconstruction operator to the $hp$-a posteriori nonconforming error analysis of Maxwell's equations. We focus on the (symmetric) interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin (dG) approximation of some simplified forms of Maxwell's equations.