The Lost-K and Shorter-J Phenomenon in Non-Standard Ballistocardiography Data

TL;DR

This paper identifies two phenomena that diminish J-peak prominence in non-standard ballistocardiogram data and proposes signal transformation methods to improve J-peak detection and BCG cycle extraction.

Contribution

It introduces the shorter-J and lost-K phenomena in non-standard BCG signals and presents three transformation methods to enhance J-peak detection accuracy.

Findings

Transformation methods improve J-peak detection in non-standard BCG data

Simple local maxima/minima methods outperform traditional approaches

Enhanced BCG cycle extraction accuracy demonstrated on 40-subject dataset

Abstract

Non-standard ballistocardiogram(BCG) data generally do not have prominent J peaks. This paper introduces two phenomena that reduce the prominence of Jpeaks: the shorter-J phenomenon and the lost-K phenomenon, both of which are commonly observed in non-standard BCG signals . This paper also proposes three signal transformation methods that effectively improve the lost-K and shorter-J phenomena. The methods were evaluated on a time-aligned ECG-BCG dataset with 40 subjects. The results show that based on the transformed signal, simple J-peak-based methods using only the detection of local maxima or minima show better performance in locating J-peaks and extracting BCG cycles, especially for non-standard BCG data.