Scalable platform for qudit-based quantum computing using polar molecules

TL;DR

This paper introduces a scalable quantum computing platform using polar molecules' rotational states, leveraging optical tweezer arrays and qudit encoding for efficient, scalable quantum information processing.

Contribution

It presents a novel qudit-based architecture with scalable Hilbert space growth and universal gates, utilizing optical traps and dipole interactions.

Findings

Encoding schemes enable universal quantum gates with qudits of dimension 3 to 5.

Analysis of SrF and NaCs molecules shows feasible experimental parameters.

Multilevel systems simplify multiqubit gate decompositions.

Abstract

We propose a scalable qudit-based quantum processor using rotational states of polar molecules. Previously, molecular internal states were used to enlarge Hilbert space, whereas our approach uses optical tweezer arrays to achieve scalable architectures with exponential state-space growth without increasing qudit dimensionality $d$. Entangling gates are implemented by adiabatically bringing traps together to activate dipole-dipole interactions. We develop encoding schemes mapping single qubits into qudits with $2\leq d\leq5$ and pairs of qubits into $d=4,5$ qudits, enabling universal set of quantum gates. Additional levels in $d=3$ and $d=5$ qudits simplify multiqubit gate decompositions. We analyze experimental parameters for SrF and NaCs molecules. This approach provides a promising route to scalable quantum information processing with multilevel systems using existing experimental platforms.