Exploring the topology of a non-Hermitian superconducting qubit using shortcuts to adiabaticity

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates how counterdiabatic driving can be used to efficiently and robustly explore the topological properties of non-Hermitian superconducting qubits, overcoming traditional adiabatic limitations.

Contribution

It introduces the application of shortcuts to adiabaticity via counterdiabatic driving to non-Hermitian quantum systems, enabling faster topological state transport.

Findings

Counterdiabatic driving stabilizes quantum state transport.

It preserves the topology of the complex energy spectrum.

The method is experimentally validated with a superconducting transmon circuit.

Abstract

Open quantum systems described by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian exhibit rich dynamics due to the topology of their complex energy spectrum. By encircling an exceptional point degeneracy, this topology allows for topological state transport, chiral geometric phases, and eigenvalue braiding. To access these topological features, it is desirable to drive the system adiabatically. However, adiabatic transport in a system with complex spectrum is conventionally only possible for the eigenstate whose eigenenergy has the lowest loss. Previous experiments have demonstrated such adiabatic evolution for the quantum state with relative gain, yet observed a breakdown in adiabaticity for quantum states with relative loss. In this work, we harness a shortcut to adiabaticity -- counterdiabatic driving -- to avoid the effects of loss while maintaining trajectories that follow the instantaneous eigenstates in significantly shorter timescales. We experimentally investigate the robustness of this control method using a superconducting transmon circuit with engineered dissipation. We observe that counterdiabatic driving stabilizes quasistatic transport and preserves the complex energy spectrum's topology.