A Promise for the JWST era: Massive black holes directly collapsed from wave dark matter haloes, and Star formation in and around their accretion flows

TL;DR

This paper proposes that massive black holes formed directly from wave dark matter haloes could explain JWST observations, with star formation occurring around their accretion flows, challenging standard cosmology.

Contribution

It introduces a novel mechanism for early black hole formation from wave dark matter haloes and explains associated star formation phenomena, addressing recent JWST puzzles.

Findings

Wave CDM haloes can directly collapse into black holes.

General-relativistic instabilities enable black hole formation from wave dark matter.

Star formation occurs in high gravitational acceleration regions around black holes.

Abstract

There are several puzzling phenomena from recent JWST observations, which seem to push the standard {\Lambda}CDM cosmology over the edge. All those puzzles can be understood in a coherent way if we assume that first massive black holes (MBHs, the "heavy eggs") formed by directly collapsing from wave CDM haloes, which can be even earlier than the formation of first galaxies (the "chickens"). We elucidate two false obstacles that have been believed to prevent wave CDM haloes from collapsing into black holes (namely "maximum stable mass" and "bosenova") and point out that general-relativistic instabilities (e.g., the non-axisymmetric instability numerically found in spinning scalar-field boson stars) could serve as the concrete mechanisms for direct-collapse black holes (DCBHs) born from wave dark matter. Once the MBHs formed, star formation bursts in and around the accretion flows, characteristic of a special mode in compact regions of high gravitational accelerations.