Tomography-assisted noisy quantum circuit simulator using matrix product density operators

TL;DR

This paper introduces a quantum circuit simulation method that combines quantum process tomography with matrix product density operators to better model complex noise in NISQ devices, enabling more accurate analysis of noisy quantum algorithms.

Contribution

It presents a novel QPT-assisted MPDO simulation framework that captures realistic noise profiles and applies it to variational state generation and MaxCut problems on NISQ hardware.

Findings

QPT-assisted MPDO accurately models complex noise effects.

Enhanced understanding of noise impact on quantum algorithms.

Demonstrated effectiveness on Quafu cloud platform.

Abstract

In recent years, efficient quantum circuit simulations incorporating ideal noise assumptions have relied on tensor network simulators, particularly leveraging the matrix product density operator (MPDO) framework. However, experiments on real noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices often involve complex noise profiles, encompassing uncontrollable elements and instrument-specific effects such as crosstalk. To address these challenges, we employ quantum process tomography (QPT) techniques to directly capture the operational characteristics of the experimental setup and integrate them into numerical simulations using MPDOs. Our QPT-assisted MPDO simulator is then applied to explore a variational approach for generating noisy entangled states, comparing the results with standard noise numerical simulations and demonstrations conducted on the Quafu cloud quantum computation platform. Additionally, we investigate noisy MaxCut problems, as well as the effects of crosstalk and noise truncation. Our results provide valuable insights into the impact of noise on NISQ devices and lay the foundation for enhanced design and assessment of quantum algorithms in complex noise environments.