Concentrated valence nucleons transfer in heavy-ion collisions: implications for questing the stable superheavy elements

TL;DR

This study uses time-dependent Hartree-Fock theory to identify a novel nucleon transfer channel in heavy-ion collisions, which could be promising for synthesizing neutron-rich superheavy elements.

Contribution

It reveals a new concentrated valence nucleons transfer channel in heavy-ion collisions, providing insights into mechanisms for producing stable superheavy elements.

Findings

Discovered a novel CVN transfer channel in $^{238}$U + $^{238}$U collisions.

CVN transfer involves rapid nucleon transfer breaking early symmetry.

Predicted optimal detection angles for CVN transfer products.

Abstract

The multinucleon transfer process is regarded as a promising pathway for producing the stable superheavy elements. However, the underlying mechanism, especially the possible transfer channels for sailing to the ``island of stability'' are poorly known. In this work, the time-dependent Hartree-Fock theory is used to investigate the collision dynamics of $^{136}$Xe, $^{198}$Pt, $^{238}$U + $^{238}$U reactions. A novel reaction channel of the concentrated valence nucleons (CVN) transferring is found in the collisions heading on the tips of $^{238}$U. These nucleons are transferred with relatively short relaxation time and break the symmetry of nucleon exchange in the early reaction stage. In consequence, the mass equilibrium with relaxation time is deviated from the systematic behavior based on the macroscopic-microscopic potential energy surface. The CVN transfer channel shows promising prospect for producing neutron-rich superheavy nuclei. In this case, we also investigated the angular distributions of products from the CVN transfer channel in the reaction $^{238}$U + $^{238}$U with Tip-Side configuration, and the optimal detection angles are predicted.