Imaging 3D Printed Fracture Networks under Stress using X-Ray Computed Tomography

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new experimental method combining 3D printing and X-ray computed tomography to study how fracture networks in geological materials deform under stress, validated against simulations.

Contribution

It presents a novel approach for observing and analyzing 3D fracture network deformation under stress, integrating experimental and numerical methods.

Findings

Experimental results agree with numerical simulations in elastic regime.

Method enables visualization of 3D fracture evolution under stress.

Insights into stress-topology interactions in fracture networks.

Abstract

We present a novel experimental approach based on 3D printing and X-ray computed tomography to characterize fracture aperture distribution and evolution in 3D fracture networks under varying stress loading conditions. We validate our methodology by comparing experimentally measured stress-dependent fracture apertures with both analytical solutions and numerical simulations, for both single fracture and fracture network scenarios. We show that, for fracture deformation under linear elastic regime, our experimental results agree with numerical simulation. Furthermore, by combining our new experimental methodology with advanced numerical simulations, we illuminate the complex interplay of stress and topology in fracture network deformation. Our approach opens the door for experimentally observing deformable fracture networks under stress in 3D space, which has significant implications for understanding and predicting many geophysical problems involving fractured geological media.