First Ultra High Energy Neutrino Search with a Hybrid Phased and Traditional Detector in the Askaryan Radio Array

TL;DR

This paper reports on the first search for ultra-high-energy neutrinos using the hybrid phased and traditional detection methods of the Askaryan Radio Array at the South Pole, demonstrating improved sensitivity and background rejection.

Contribution

It introduces a novel hybrid detection approach combining phased array and traditional antennas, enhancing sensitivity and background rejection in in-ice UHE neutrino detection.

Findings

First application of hybrid detection in UHE neutrino search

Improved directional reconstruction and background rejection

Demonstrated sensitivity enhancement with phased array technology

Abstract

The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) is an in-ice ultrahigh energy (UHE, >10 PeV) neutrino experiment at the South Pole, designed to detect neutrino-induced radio emission in ice. It consists of five independent stations, each featuring a cubic lattice of in-ice antenna clusters spaced ~30 m apart and buried ~200 m below the surface. The fifth ARA station (A5) is unique due to its central phased array string, which employs an interferometric trigger to enhance sensitivity to weak signals otherwise buried in noise. This low-threshold trigger makes ARA the first in-ice radio neutrino experiment to demonstrate a significant improvement in detecting low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) radio signals. We present progress toward the first UHE neutrino search utilizing A5's hybrid detection capability, incorporating advancements in data selection and background rejection. This analysis is the first to fully apply dedicated event selection to both components of ARA's hybrid detector, improving directional reconstruction and significantly enhancing background rejection compared to previous analyses. This approach paves the way for next-generation in-ice UHE neutrino experiments.