Safety of Embodied Navigation: A Survey

TL;DR

This survey analyzes safety challenges in embodied navigation, discussing attack strategies, defenses, evaluation methods, and future research directions to develop safer, more reliable embodied AI systems in real-world environments.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of safety issues, mitigation techniques, evaluation metrics, and future research directions in embodied navigation safety.

Findings

Identifies key attack methods and defense strategies.

Reviews existing evaluation datasets and metrics.

Highlights unresolved safety challenges and future research needs.

Abstract

As large language models (LLMs) continue to advance and gain influence, the development of embodied AI has accelerated, drawing significant attention, particularly in navigation scenarios. Embodied navigation requires an agent to perceive, interact with, and adapt to its environment while moving toward a specified target in unfamiliar settings. However, the integration of embodied navigation into critical applications raises substantial safety concerns. Given their deployment in dynamic, real-world environments, ensuring the safety of such systems is critical. This survey provides a comprehensive analysis of safety in embodied navigation from multiple perspectives, encompassing attack strategies, defense mechanisms, and evaluation methodologies. Beyond conducting a comprehensive examination of existing safety challenges, mitigation technologies, and various datasets and metrics that assess effectiveness and robustness, we explore unresolved issues and future research directions in embodied navigation safety. These include potential attack methods, mitigation strategies, more reliable evaluation techniques, and the implementation of verification frameworks. By addressing these critical gaps, this survey aims to provide valuable insights that can guide future research toward the development of safer and more reliable embodied navigation systems. Furthermore, the findings of this study have broader implications for enhancing societal safety and increasing industrial efficiency.