Operator lift of Reshetikhin-Turaev formalism to Khovanov-Rozansky TQFTs

TL;DR

This paper extends the Reshetikhin-Turaev formalism to Khovanov-Rozansky TQFTs by developing a physical, operator-based approach that simplifies calculations of knot homologies and preserves topological invariance.

Contribution

It introduces a novel operator lift of Reshetikhin-Turaev formalism to KR cohomologies, enabling a factorization approach for open tangles and potential computational algorithms.

Findings

Constructed odd differential operators for link diagrams

Preserved Reidemeister invariance in open tangles

Facilitated potential computerization of KR cohomology calculations

Abstract

Topological quantum field theory (TQFT) is a powerful tool to describe homologies, which normally involve complexes and a variety of maps/morphisms, what makes a functional integration approach with a sum over a single kind of maps seemingly problematic. In TQFT this problem is overcame by exploiting the rich set of zero modes of BRST operators, which appear sufficient to describe complexes. We explain what this approach looks like for the important class of Khovanov-Rozansky (KR) cohomologies, which categorify the observables (Wilson lines or knot polynomials) in 3d Chern-Simons theory. We develop a construction of odd differential operators, associated with all link diagrams, including tangles with open ends. These operators become nilpotent only for diagram with no external legs, but even for open tangles one can develop a factorization formalism, which preserve Reidemeister/topological invariance -- the symmetry of the problem. This technique seems much more ``physical'' than conventional language of homological algebra and should have many applications to various problems beyond Chern-Simons theory. We also hope that this language will provide efficient algorithms, and finally allow to computerize the calculation of KR cohomologies -- for closed diagrams and for open tangles.