Advantages of Co-locating Quantum-HPC Platforms: A Survey for Near-Future Industrial Applications

TL;DR

This survey evaluates the benefits of co-locating quantum and HPC systems, showing potential improvements in hybrid job throughput and the necessity of HPC resources for complex quantum applications in industrial contexts.

Contribution

It systematically analyzes the impact of quantum-HPC co-location on performance metrics and identifies key advantages for near-future industrial applications.

Findings

Co-location can improve hybrid job throughput.

HPC resources are essential for large-scale quantum problems.

Co-located platforms support advanced quantum algorithm execution.

Abstract

We conducted a systematic survey of emerging quantum-HPC platforms, which integrate quantum computers and High-Performance Computing (HPC) systems through co-location. Currently, it remains unclear whether such platforms provide tangible benefits for near-future industrial applications. To address this, we examined the impact of co-location on latency reduction, bandwidth enhancement, and advanced job scheduling. Additionally, we assessed how HPC-level capabilities could enhance hybrid algorithm performance, support large-scale error mitigation, and facilitate complex quantum circuit partitioning and optimization. Our findings demonstrate that co-locating quantum and HPC systems can yield measurable improvements in overall hybrid job throughput. We also observe that large-scale real-world problems can require HPC-level computational resources for executing hybrid algorithms.