Status and prospects of Muon g-2 experiment

TL;DR

The muon g-2 experiment measures the muon's magnetic moment with high precision to test the Standard Model, showing promising results that could indicate new physics beyond current theories.

Contribution

This paper reviews the evolution, engineering achievements, and recent results of the muon g-2 experiment, highlighting advancements and ongoing efforts to refine measurements and explore new physics.

Findings

Achieved 70 ppb systematic uncertainty in recent runs

Experiment's results are approaching the sensitivity needed to detect new physics

Ongoing theoretical calculations are refining Standard Model predictions

Abstract

This article reviews the muon g-2 experiment, a cornerstone in precision tests of the Standard Model of particle physics. The experiment measures the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon with unprecedented accuracy, seeking potential discrepancies between theoretical predictions and experimental results that might indicate physics beyond the Standard Model. We trace the evolution of this measurement from its beginnings at CERN in the 1960s to the current state-of-the-art experiment at Fermilab, highlighting the remarkable engineering achievements required to achieve parts-per-billion precision. Recent results from Runs 1-3 have achieved a systematic uncertainty of 70 ppb, exceeding design goals, while ongoing theoretical calculations continue to refine predictions. Despite these advances, the analysis remains statistics-limited, with continued data collection and novel experimental approaches at MUonE and J-PARC promising further insights into this fundamental physical quantity.