Generalized Multiple Operator Integrals and Perturbation Theory for Operators with Continuous Spectra

TL;DR

This paper develops a unified framework for generalized multiple operator integrals (GMOIs) applicable to non-normal operators with continuous spectra, enabling advanced spectral analysis in various mathematical and physical contexts.

Contribution

It extends the theory of GMOIs to operators with continuous spectra, including algebraic, continuity, and perturbation properties, and derives a spectral shift formula in this setting.

Findings

Established a unified framework for GMOIs with continuous spectra

Derived a Krein-type spectral shift formula for GDOIs in this setting

Extended the theory to arbitrary-order spectral approximations

Abstract

Operators with continuous spectra naturally arise in spectral theory, quantum mechanics, automorphic forms, and noncommutative geometry. However, analyzing such operators, particularly in the non-selfadjoint setting, remains challenging due to spectral instability and the lack of an orthonormal basis. This work advances the theory of Multiple Operator Integrals (MOIs) by developing a unified framework for generalized MOIs (GMOIs) associated with general (non-normal, non-selfadjoint) operators possessing continuous spectra. Building on prior work in Generalized Double Operator Integrals (GDOIs) and finite dimensional GMOIs, we extend the theory to include: the formulation of GMOIs in the continuous spectrum setting, their algebraic structure, continuity properties, norm and Lipschitz estimates, and a perturbation formula that generalizes classical results. As a key application, we derive a Krein-type spectral shift formula for GDOIs in the continuous spectrum setting and further extend it to arbitrary-order approximations. These contributions provide a foundation for broader developments in spectral theory, operator algebras, noncommutative geometry, and noncommutative analysis.