Evaluation of Noise and Crosstalk in Neutral Atom Quantum Computers

TL;DR

This paper analyzes noise and crosstalk in neutral atom quantum computers, demonstrating how spatial proximity affects simulation fidelity and proposing a Moving Target Defense to enable reliable co-location of simulations.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of noise and crosstalk effects in neutral atom quantum computers and introduces an MTD strategy to mitigate these issues for multi-tenant environments.

Findings

Crosstalk increases with spatial proximity of simulations.

Moving Target Defense effectively reduces crosstalk and improves co-location fidelity.

Neutral atom quantum computers can safely run multiple simulations with proper mitigation.

Abstract

This work explores and evaluates noise and crosstalk in neutral atom quantum computers. Neutral atom quantum computers are a promising platform for analog Hamiltonian simulations, which rely on a sequence of time-dependent Hamiltonians to model the dynamics of a larger system and are particularly useful for problems in optimization, physics, and molecular dynamics. However, the viability of running multiple simulations in a co-located or multi-tenant environment is limited by noise and crosstalk. This work conducts an analysis of how noise faced by simulations changes over time, and investigates the effects of spatial co-location on simulation fidelity. Findings of this work demonstrate that the close proximity of concurrent simulations can increase crosstalk between them. To mitigate this issue, a Moving Target Defense (MTD) strategy is proposed and evaluated. The results confirm that the MTD is a viable technique for enabling safe and reliable co-location of simulations on neutral atom quantum hardware.