Electrostatic toroidal bender and its fringe fields
Rick Baartman

TL;DR
This paper discusses the development and application of the COSY-Infinity code GES for calculating third-order maps of electrostatic bend elements, clarifying discrepancies with existing procedures.
Contribution
It introduces the GES code for electrostatic bend map calculations and clarifies discrepancies with COSY's in-built procedures.
Findings
GES code reliably computes third-order maps for electrostatic bends.
Discrepancies between GES and COSY's in-built procedures are explained.
The code has been used successfully over 30 years.
Abstract
I describe the COSY-Infinity code GES that we have developed and used in various forms in the past 30 years to calculate maps to third order through electrostatic bend elements. It has been a mystery that COSY's in-built procedures ES, ESP and ECL disagreed with our own code. This note is intended to clarify the issue.
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