Directional Neutrino Bursts from Spinning and Moving Primordial Black Holes

TL;DR

Spinning and moving primordial black holes can produce highly directional, high-energy neutrino bursts via Hawking radiation, offering a new way to detect or constrain their existence as dark matter candidates.

Contribution

This work demonstrates that spinning and moving primordial black holes generate collimated neutrino bursts, providing a novel observational signature for their detection.

Findings

Neutrino bursts are sharply collimated and boosted into the multi-GeV to hundreds of GeV range.

Constraints on PBH abundance are updated based on non-observation in IceCube and KM3NeT.

Directional neutrino bursts serve as a distinctive signature of spinning primordial black holes.

Abstract

We show that primordial black holes (PBHs) with significant spin and bulk motion produce sharply collimated neutrino bursts from Hawking evaporation, arising from the interplay of spin-induced angular anisotropy and relativistic Doppler boosting. This effect shifts the neutrino spectrum into the multi-GeV to hundreds of GeV range, where atmospheric backgrounds drop steeply, and enhances the flux by orders of magnitude within a narrow forward cone. We compute the full lab-frame neutrino distribution and derive updated constraints on PBH number density from non-observation of such bursts in IceCube and KM3NeT. Our results identify directional high-energy neutrino bursts as a distinctive, testable signature of spinning PBHs, providing a complementary probe of the PBH dark matter hypothesis and Hawking radiation.