Scalar-glueball-mediated scale-anomaly dominance of the confining pressure of the pion in holographic QCD

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that the scale anomaly's dominance in confining pressure, previously seen in nucleons, also applies to pions, with scalar glueballs mediating this effect in holographic QCD.

Contribution

It extends the understanding of scale anomaly effects from nucleons to pions and highlights the mediating role of scalar glueballs in holographic QCD.

Findings

Scale anomaly dominates the confining pressure in pions.

Scalar glueballs mediate the confining pressure.

Results support the universality of the scale anomaly in hadron stability.

Abstract

In this work, we analyze the energy density and the stress distribution inside the pion derived from gravitational form factors in top-down holographic QCD. In particular, we show that the dominance of the scale anomaly in the confining pressure, previously observed in the instant form for the nucleon, also holds for the pion in the light-front form. Furthermore, we find that in large-$N_c$ QCD described by this approach, the scalar glueball plays a mediating role in transmitting the confining pressure. These findings support the universal role of the scale anomaly in the stability of hadrons.