Boundary vortices in the presence of a magnetic field

TL;DR

This paper analyzes boundary vortices in thin ferromagnetic films under an external magnetic field, establishing a rigorous mathematical framework for their interaction energy and demonstrating vortex behavior through numerical simulations.

Contribution

It introduces a new approach to defining the renormalized energy for boundary vortices and proves its relation to classical definitions, advancing understanding of vortex interactions.

Findings

Energy concentrates around boundary vortices

Vortex locations depend on external magnetic field

Numerical simulations confirm theoretical predictions

Abstract

We study the behaviour of the magnetization vector field in a thin ferromagnetic film in the presence of an external in-plane constant magnetic field. We work on a specific thin-film regime where boundary vortices dominate the energy and show the Gamma-convergence at the second order of the micromagnetic energy to an energy term called the renormalized energy, representing the interaction energy between boundary vortices. We present a new approach to defining the renormalized energy and rigorously show the relation between this definition and the classical one. We prove the concentration of the energy around boundary vortices, where the location of these vortices depends on the external field applied. We provide some numerical simulations of the magnetization vector field and the renormalized energy versus the location of the vortices in two different domains: the unit disk and an oval-shaped domain.