Regge poles of analogous rotating black holes in binary Bose-Einstein condensates: The gapped excitations

TL;DR

This study investigates the spectrum of Regge poles in a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate system mimicking rotating black holes, revealing stability differences and scattering signatures relevant for experimental observation.

Contribution

It introduces a model of gapped excitations in BECs with spatially tunable Rabi coupling as an analogue for rotating black holes with environmental mass shells.

Findings

Regge poles exhibit bifurcation and destabilization in the presence of a mass shell.

Co-rotating modes are more stable than counter-rotating modes.

Scattering interference patterns reveal migration and overtaking of Regge poles.

Abstract

In this paper, we study the spectrum of the Regge poles (RPs), which are the counterparts of quasinormal modes, in a draining bathtub vortex within a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) system. We study the gapped excitations of the condensate with the spatially dependent energy gap term using a spatially tunable Rabi coupling, which will be treated as a perturbation. This model serves as an analogue of a rotating black hole surrounded by an environmental mass shell. We first compute the semiclassical scattering amplitude with the spatially independent mass effect due to the orbital interference. In the case of the mass-shell, bifurcation of the spectrum is observed, resulting in the destabilization of the RPs. We also study the migration of RPs by shifting the bump position. Our results show that the RPs of the co-rotating modes exhibit greater stability than those of the counter-rotating modes. Large migration and overtaking jumps of the overtone (fundamental RP) leave an imprint on the scattering amplitude at small (large) scattering angles. This can be observed in the scattering interference pattern in experiments.