The Cosmic Horizon of Neutrinos
James Fardeen, Stefano Profumo, M. Grant Roberts

TL;DR
This paper investigates how a light $Z'$ gauge boson, proposed to explain the muon $g-2$ anomaly, could cause high-energy cosmic neutrinos to be attenuated through resonant interactions, linking particle physics with astrophysical observations.
Contribution
It identifies a parameter space where a light $Z'$ can simultaneously explain the muon $g-2$ anomaly, affect $N_{eff}$, and cause observable neutrino attenuation, connecting multiple phenomena.
Findings
Defined the neutrino cosmic horizon based on $Z'$-mediated scattering.
Identified parameter regions consistent with muon $g-2$ and $N_{eff}$ anomalies.
Suggested spectral features in IceCube as probes of new neutrino physics.
Abstract
The persistent discrepancy between the experimental measurement and the Standard Model (SM) prediction of the muon's anomalous magnetic moment remains one of the most intriguing hints of physics beyond the SM. A well-motivated explanation involves a light gauge boson associated with a broken symmetry. Such a boson not only resolves the anomaly, but also induces resonant interactions between high-energy cosmic neutrinos and the cosmic neutrino background (CB), potentially shaping the observable neutrino flux at Earth. In this work, we explore the implications of such interactions for the cosmic propagation of high-energy neutrinos. We compute the optical depth for neutrino attenuation via -mediated scattering, accounting for neutrino masses, hierarchies, and thermal distributions. We delineate the regions in …
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