Unified Frequency-Domain Reconstruction and Boundary Adaptation for Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations

TL;DR

This paper develops a frequency-domain framework that unifies weak, mild, and strong formulations of the 3D incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, providing a constructive approach for local solutions and future global analysis.

Contribution

It introduces a novel frequency-based scheme that reconciles different functional formulations of Navier-Stokes, enabling unified local solutions and operator bounds for further study.

Findings

Constructs smooth divergence-free approximations from Leray-Hopf data.

Demonstrates convergence of approximations to a unified velocity field.

Provides quantitative bounds and a lifespan estimate based on the first Stokes eigenvalue.

Abstract

Global regularity for the three-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations remains unresolved partly because weak, mild, and strong formulations employ incompatible functional settings. The present study introduces a frequency-domain framework that reconciles these formulations within a single constructive scheme. Starting from Leray-Hopf data, a scale-dependent regularization operator combining mollification, Sobolev extension, and the Leray projector produces smooth, divergence-free approximations. Two bounded Fourier multipliers are then defined: an interpolation operator that blends low-frequency weak and high-frequency strong components, and a smoothing operator that yields uniform parabolic gain. Littlewood-Paley analysis, refined Calderon-Zygmund and Schauder estimates, and an explicit Galerkin scheme provide quantitative Hs a priori bounds and a lifespan controlled by the first Stokes eigenvalue. Compactness via the Aubin-Lions lemma and dominated convergence demonstrates that, as the regularization parameter vanishes, the approximations converge to a single velocity field satisfying simultaneously the weak energy identity, the Fujita-Kato mild formulation, and the strong formulation in Hs with s > 3/2. The construction furnishes a unified local solution and supplies operator bounds required for subsequent energy-vorticity bootstraps and global continuation arguments, clarifying the interplay between frequency localization and nonlinear estimates in fluid dynamics.