From the up-converting multimodal luminescent thermometer to ratiometric visual power density meter based on Er3+,Yb3+ emission

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel luminescent thermometer based on Er3+,Yb3+ doped Na3Sc2(PO4)3 that enables multimodal temperature sensing and visual power density measurement through spectroscopic and colorimetric methods, including 2D imaging.

Contribution

It presents the first visual luminescent optical power density sensor using Er3+,Yb3+ doped Na3Sc2(PO4)3, combining temperature sensing with spatial power distribution visualization.

Findings

Achieved maximum relative sensitivities of 2.8%, 3%, and 1.8% K-1 for different ratiometric modes.

Developed a visual optical power density sensor with sensitivities of 1.0% W-1 cm2 and 0.9% W-1 cm2.

Demonstrated 2D imaging of optical power density within illuminated fields.

Abstract

This study demonstrates that thermally induced variations in the spectroscopic properties of Na3Sc2(PO4)3:Er3+, Yb3+ can be effectively harnessed for multimodal remote temperature sensing. As shown, Na3Sc2(PO4)3:Er3+, Yb3+ supports multiple ratiometric sensing modes based on the intensity ratios of (i) 2H11/2 -> 4I15/2 and 4S3/2 -> 4I15/2; (ii) 2H9/2 -> 4I13/2 and 4S3/2 -> 4I15/2; and (iii) green-to-red emission intensity ratio, achieving maximum relative sensitivities of 2.8% K-1, 3% K-1, and 1.8% K-1, respectively. The synergy between thermal changes observed in the green-to-red emission intensity ratio of Er3+ ions, combined with the efficient optical heating of Na3Sc2(PO4)3:Er3+, Yb3+ at elevated Yb3+ concentrations enables the development of a visual optical power density sensor, exhibiting relative sensitivities of SRx = 1.0% W-1 cm2 and SRy = 0.9% W-1 cm2 at 15 W cm-2 when quantified using CIE 1931 chromaticity coordinates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a visual luminescent optical power density sensor. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that Na3Sc2(PO4)3:Er3+, Yb3+ can be successfully applied for two-dimensional imaging of optical power density, thereby enabling spatial visualization of power distribution within an illuminated field.