A perfect matching reciprocity method for embedding multiple hypercubes in an augmented cube: Applications to Hamiltonian decomposition and fault-tolerant Hamiltonicity

TL;DR

This paper introduces a perfect matching reciprocity method for embedding hypercubes in augmented cubes, enabling applications to Hamiltonian decompositions and fault-tolerant Hamiltonicity, with new bounds and constructions proven for these properties.

Contribution

It develops a novel reciprocal perfect matching technique for hypercube embeddings in augmented cubes, establishing new Hamiltonian and fault-tolerance results.

Findings

Proves augmented cubes contain multiple edge-disjoint Hamiltonian cycles.

Establishes fault-tolerant cycles of all even lengths up to 2^n with limited faulty edges.

Confirms a conjecture on Hamiltonian decompositions for odd-dimensional augmented cubes.

Abstract

This paper focuses on the embeddability of hypercubes in an important class of Cayley graphs, known as augmented cubes. An $n$-dimensional augmented cube $AQ_n$ is constructed by augmenting the $n$-dimensional hypercube $Q_n$ with additional edges, thus making $Q_n$ a spanning subgraph of $AQ_n$. Dong and Wang (2019) first posed the problem of determining the number of $Q_n$-isomorphic subgraphs in $AQ_n$, which still remains open. By exploiting the Cayley properties of $AQ_n$, we establish a lower bound for this number. What's more, we develop a method for constructing pairs of $Q_n$-isomorphic subgraphs in $AQ_n$ with the minimum number of common edges. This is accomplished through the use of reciprocal perfect matchings, a technique that also relies on the Cayley property of $AQ_n$. As an application, we prove that $AQ_n$ admits $n-1$ edge-disjoint Hamiltonian cycles when $n\geq3$ is odd and $n-2$ cycles when $n$ is even, thereby confirming a conjecture by Hung (2015) for the odd case. Additionally, we prove that $AQ_n$ has a fault-free cycle of every even length from $4$ to $2^n$ with up to $4n-8$ faulty edges, when each vertex is incident to at least two fault-free edges. This result not only provides an alternative proof for the fault-tolerant Hamiltonicity of established by Hsieh and Cian (2010), but also extends their work by demonstrating the fault-tolerant bipancyclicity of $AQ_n$.