A resource-centric, task-based approach to quantum network control

TL;DR

This paper introduces a resource-centric, task-based framework for quantum network control, replacing traditional layered models with a distributed workflow approach that manages quantum resources and operations effectively.

Contribution

It proposes a novel, resource-centric, task-based scheme for quantum network management, enabling flexible, distributed control of quantum resources and operations.

Findings

Defines three resource types: classical messaging, quantum channels, entanglement.

Introduces the concept of 'sagas' as distributed workflows for quantum objectives.

Supports both centralized and choreographed execution of quantum tasks.

Abstract

Quantum networks exhibit fundamental differences from their classical counterparts. These differences necessitate novel principles when organizing, managing, and operating them. Here we propose an unconventional approach to organize and manage the operations of quantum network devices. Instead of a hierarchical scheme using layers, like in classical networks and present quantum network stack models, we propose a resource-centric task-based scheme. In this scheme, quantum applications pose objectives, initiated by a node, to a quantum network, such as sharing an entangled state or sending a qubit along a path. The quantum network node initiating the objective consequently derives a distributed workflow, referred to as saga, comprising numerous tasks operating on resources, which completes the objective. We identify three different kinds of resources with their own and independent topology, namely classical messaging, quantum channels and entanglement. Sagas can either be centrally orchestrated or performed in choreography by the network nodes. The tasks of a saga originate from and operate on resources of the network, such as quantum channels or entanglement, and they not only comprise operations and measurements, but potentially also include other tasks or even entire protocols, such as sending a qubit, distributing entanglement or performing entanglement purification steps.