Sub-microsecond electric switching of large birefringence in the isotropic phase of ferroelectric nematics

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates sub-microsecond electric switching of large birefringence in ferroelectric nematic liquid crystals, enabling fast electro-optic device applications, based on a field-induced phase transition.

Contribution

It introduces a novel fast switching method in ferroelectric nematics using a moderate electric field to induce a phase transition, achieving sub-microsecond response times.

Findings

Achieved sub-microsecond switching of birefringence

Demonstrated large (~0.1) birefringence change

Potential for fast electro-optic device applications

Abstract

Conventional nonpolar nematic liquid crystals, widely known for their successful display applications, are not well-suited for fast electro-optical switching because of the slow (milliseconds) field-off relaxation of the director. In this work, we demonstrate sub-microsecond field-on and field-off switching of a large (~0.1) birefringence by applying a moderate electric field (30-100) V/{\mu}m, to an isotropic film of a ferroelectric nematic material. This highly efficient electro-optical switching is rooted in the recently discovered field-induced isotropic to ferroelectric nematic phase transition [J. Szydlowska et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 216802 (2023)]. The demonstrated sub-microsecond switching of ferroelectric birefringence induced by field (FBIF) has the potential for applications in fast-switching electro-optic devices, such as phase modulators, light shutters, beam steerers, switchable optical compensators.