Revising the Theory of Cross Phenomena

TL;DR

This paper revises the theory of cross phenomena by deriving flux equations from the first law of thermodynamics, addressing flaws in the previous phenomenological approach and emphasizing the independence of potentials.

Contribution

It introduces a revised TCP based on the first law of thermodynamics, improving the theoretical foundation over previous models.

Findings

Derived flux equations from fundamental thermodynamics.

Identified flaws in Onsager flux equations.

Proposed a more consistent theoretical framework.

Abstract

In the present paper, the theory of cross phenomena (TCP) proposed by the present author is revised by starting from the first law of thermodynamics instead of the combined law of thermodynamics in the previous publication because the potentials in the latter are not independent of each other. TCP aims to derive the flux equations with respect to independent driving forces from the fundamental laws of thermodynamics rather than the phenomenological Onsager flux equations, which are flawed as shown by the revised TCP.