Quantum metric-based optical selection rules

TL;DR

This paper introduces quantum metric-based optical selection rules, revealing how quantum geometry influences optical transitions and enabling valley-specific polarization control in 2D materials.

Contribution

It proposes a novel quantum metric framework for optical selection rules, extending beyond Berry curvature, with theoretical validation in multiple material models.

Findings

Quantum metric determines optical transition strengths.

Valley-contrasted polarization selection rules are established.

The theory is confirmed in models including altermagnet and Kane-Mele.

Abstract

The optical selection rules dictate symmetry-allowed/forbidden transitions, playing a decisive role in engineering exciton quantum states and designing optoelectronic devices. While both the real (quantum metric) and imaginary (Berry curvature) parts of quantum geometry contribute to optical transitions, the conventional theory of optical selection rules in solids incorporates only Berry curvature. Here, we propose quantum metric-based optical selection rules. We unveil a universal quantum metric-oscillator strength correspondence for linear polarization of light and establish valley-contrasted optical selection rules that lock orthogonal linear polarizations to distinct valleys. Tight-binding and first-principles calculations confirm our theory in two models (altermagnet and Kane-Mele) and monolayer $d$-wave altermagnet $\mathrm{V_2SeSO}$. This work provides a quantum metric paradigm for valley-based spintronic and optoelectronic applications.