ONION: A Multi-Layered Framework for Participatory ER Design

TL;DR

ONION is a multi-layered participatory framework for ER modeling that enhances inclusivity, reduces bias, and improves transparency by involving diverse stakeholders in a structured five-stage process.

Contribution

The paper introduces a novel five-stage methodology for participatory ER modeling that integrates design justice and participatory AI principles.

Findings

Engaged diverse stakeholders in real-world workshops in Ukraine.

Richer data models resulted from inclusive participation.

Early results show increased transparency and reduced bias.

Abstract

We present ONION, a multi-layered framework for participatory Entity-Relationship (ER) modeling that integrates insights from design justice, participatory AI, and conceptual modeling. ONION introduces a five-stage methodology: Observe, Nurture, Integrate, Optimize, Normalize. It supports progressive abstraction from unstructured stakeholder input to structured ER diagrams. Our approach aims to reduce designer bias, promote inclusive participation, and increase transparency through the modeling process. We evaluate ONION through real-world workshops focused on sociotechnical systems in Ukraine, highlighting how diverse stakeholder engagement leads to richer data models and deeper mutual understanding. Early results demonstrate ONION's potential to host diversity in early-stage data modeling. We conclude with lessons learned, limitations and challenges involved in scaling and refining the framework for broader adoption.