Gas of thin tubes of massless scalar field as a possible model of unified dark fluid

TL;DR

This paper explores a model of a gas composed of thin tubes of massless scalar fields, which can exhibit a wide range of equation of state parameters and potentially explain accelerated cosmic expansion and structure formation.

Contribution

It introduces a novel gas model based on thin tubes of massless scalar fields with variable equation of state, addressing cosmological acceleration and matter distribution issues.

Findings

The TToMSF gas can have $w$ values between -1 and 1, enabling accelerated expansion.

Density fluctuations in the gas influence local equations of state.

The model may help resolve matter distribution and structure growth tensions in cosmology.

Abstract

In this work, we investigated the influence of constants that characterize the motion of thin tubes of a massless scalar field (TToMSF) in a gas on the global properties of such a gas, in particular, on its ability to accelerated expansion. The peculiarity of the TToMSF gas is related to the fact that the parameter of its equation of state $w$ depends on the degree of rarefaction of the gas and can take values in a very wide range of values $-1< w <1$. In this case, fluctuations in the density of the TToMSF gas, caused by its gravitational interaction with non-uniformly distributed baryonic matter, should lead to the implementation of local equations of state with different values and different laws of change of the parameter $w$. The possibility of implementing local equations of state can alleviate the tensions associated with the observed non-uniformity of the distribution of matter and the growth of structures in the Universe.