Biquandle Virtual Brackets and Virtual Knotoids
Neslihan G\"ug\"umc\"u, Hamdi Kayaslan
TL;DR
This paper introduces new invariants for virtual knotoids using biquandles and virtual brackets, demonstrating that the biquandle virtual bracket matrix enhances existing invariants.
Contribution
The paper develops biquandle virtual brackets and shows that the associated matrix provides a proper enhancement of virtual knotoid invariants.
Findings
Biquandle virtual brackets are effective invariants for virtual knotoids.
The biquandle virtual bracket matrix enhances previous invariants.
The new invariants distinguish virtual knotoids more effectively.
Abstract
In this paper, we introduce invariants of virtual knotoids based on biquandles and biquandle virtual brackets. We show that one of these invariants, namely biquandle virtual bracket matrix, is a proper enhancement of the other invariants introduced in this paper.
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Taxonomy
TopicsGeometric and Algebraic Topology · Advanced Numerical Analysis Techniques · Algebraic and Geometric Analysis