Effects of Lorentz invariance violation on charged particles and photon production in astrophysical sources

TL;DR

This paper explores how Lorentz invariance violation affects radiation processes and particle acceleration in astrophysical sources, revealing energy thresholds and potential observational signatures that could constrain LIV parameters.

Contribution

It derives modified radiation expressions under LIV, models their effects on photon spectra in blazars, and discusses observational constraints from current and future data.

Findings

LIV introduces energy thresholds altering particle dynamics.

Modified photon spectra show deviations at high energies.

Observational data can constrain LIV parameters.

Abstract

We investigate the impact of Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) on radiation processes in astrophysical sources, focusing on synchrotron and inverse Compton interactions. We derive modified expressions for radiated power and photon energy under LIV assumptions and incorporate them into first-order Fermi acceleration models. Our analysis reveals energy thresholds beyond which LIV, within a kinematic framework, significantly alters particle dynamics and photon spectra, introducing non-physical divergences that highlight limitations in perturbative approaches. We model synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) emission in the presence of LIV and assess its consequences for photon fluxes from blazars, including Markarian 501 and the BL Lac population. LIV introduces distinct high-energy emission regions that deviate from standard expectations. Comparisons with observational data, particularly upper limits from the Pierre Auger Observatory, suggest that future multi-messenger observations, together with the full analysis of particle's trajectories, could constrain LIV parameters through the non-detection of such excesses.