Evaporating universes

TL;DR

This paper models black hole evaporation in asymptotically flat spacetimes using holography and wormholes, demonstrating the Page curve and analyzing complexity related to the python's lunch conjecture.

Contribution

It extends the HRT formula to flat spacetimes and applies it to Brill-Lindquist wormholes, providing a holographic model of black hole evaporation and entanglement structure.

Findings

Entanglement entropy follows the Page curve, indicating information conservation.

Numerical results for 3- and 4-boundary wormholes support the model.

Analysis of interior surfaces relates to the python's lunch conjecture.

Abstract

Recent work by Headrick, Sasieta and myself provides an extension of the HRT formula for asymptotically flat spacetimes. I use this formula to construct a holographic model of black hole evaporation in four-dimensional asymptotically flat spacetimes using Brill-Lindquist (BL) wormholes. The wormhole is interpreted via ER=EPR to represent the entanglement geometry between an evaporating black hole and baths into which the Hawking radiation is collected. Applying HRT, I compute the entanglement entropy by numerically computing the areas of the minimal surfaces, which is shown to obey the Page curve, consistent with information conservation. Numerical analysis is done for both three and four-boundary BL wormholes ($n=3,4$). Index-1 surfaces in the wormhole interior are interpreted as the candidate bulges involved in the python's lunch conjecture (PLC), and their areas are used to compute the restricted complexity $\mathcal{C}$ of decoding the Hawking radiation. The results are compared to the time-dependent predictions of the PLC.