Novel 1-bit Hybrid Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface

TL;DR

This paper introduces a low-cost 1-bit hybrid reconfigurable intelligent surface capable of sensing incident signal angles and redirecting signals, enhancing wireless communication and sensing without feedback loops.

Contribution

It presents a novel 1-bit HRIS design with integrated sensing and beamforming capabilities using compressive sensing and machine learning techniques.

Findings

Effective AoA detection using compressive sensing and MLP

Suppression of undesired quantization lobes through phase randomization

Low-cost, simple design suitable for wireless sensing and power transfer

Abstract

This paper proposes a novel 1-bit hybrid reconfigurable intelligent surface (HRIS) designed to sense the incident signal's angle of arrival (AoA) and redirect it toward desired directions. This device consists of independently tunable resonant patch elements loaded with PIN diodes. To introduce sensing capabilities, a portion of the signal incident on each element is coupled to a parallel plate waveguide (PPWG) through small rectangular slots. Two coaxial connectors are then used to collect the signal coupled to the PPWG. We use compressive sensing techniques and a multi-layer perceptron to analyze this signal and detect AoA. Further, pre-coded phase randomization is implemented by varying slot sizes to suppress undesired quantization lobes. The proposed HRIS is simple, low-cost, and can pave the way for intelligent wireless communication, power transfer, and sensing without needing feedback loops.