Hyperuniform interfaces in non-equilibrium phase coexistence

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that non-equilibrium phase coexistence between hyperuniform systems results in significantly smoother interfaces with suppressed height fluctuations, revealing a new universality class for non-equilibrium interfacial phenomena.

Contribution

The study introduces a universal reduction in interfacial height fluctuations in non-equilibrium hyperuniform systems and derives a novel interface equation predicting this behavior.

Findings

Hyperuniform interfaces are smoother than equilibrium ones.

Height fluctuation spectrum scales as |oldsymbol k|^{-1} in non-equilibrium.

Established a new universality class for non-equilibrium interfaces.

Abstract

We show that long-wavelength interfacial fluctuations are strongly suppressed in non-equilibrium phase coexistence between bulk hyperuniform systems. Using simulations of three distinct microscopic models, we demonstrate that hyperuniform interfaces are much smoother than equilibrium ones, with a universal reduction of height fluctuations at large scale. We derive a non-equilibrium interface equation from the field theory of the bulk order parameter, and predict a reduction in height fluctuations, $S_h(\boldsymbol k)\equiv \langle |h(\boldsymbol k)|^2\rangle\sim |\boldsymbol k|^{-1}$, in stark contrast to equilibrium capillary wave theory where $S_h(\boldsymbol k)\sim |\boldsymbol k|^{-2}$. Our results establish a new universality class for non-equilibrium interfaces, highlighting the fundamental role of suppressed bulk fluctuations in shaping interfacial dynamics far from equilibrium.