Recognition by the set of exponents in the prime factorization of the product of element orders

TL;DR

This paper characterizes certain finite groups uniquely using the set of exponents in the prime factorization of the product of their element orders, revealing new group-identification criteria.

Contribution

It introduces a novel characterization of some groups based on the exponents in the prime factorization of element order products, including uniqueness results.

Findings

Groups PSL(2,5)×Z_p, PSL(2,7), and PSL(2,11) are uniquely identified by these exponents.

Groups PSL(2,5) and PSL(2,13) are uniquely determined by these exponents and group order.

If the exponents match those of Z_{2qr}, then G is either PSL(2,5) or Z_{2qr}.

Abstract

Let $G$ be a finite group. Let $\rho(G) = \prod_{g \in G} o(g)={p_1}^{\alpha_1} {p_2}^{\alpha_2} \cdots {p_k}^{\alpha_k}$, where $p_1, p_2, \cdots, p_k$ are distinct prime numbers and $o(g)$ denotes the order of $g \in G$. The set of exponents in the prime factorization of the product of element orders is denoted by $ {\operatorname{Exp}}_{\rho}(G)$, i.e., $ {\operatorname{Exp}}_{\rho}(G)=\{\alpha_1,\alpha_2, \cdots,\alpha_k\}$. In this paper, we give a new characterization for some groups by $ {\operatorname{Exp}}_{\rho}(G)$. We prove that the groups ${\rm PSL}(2, 5) \times \mathbb{Z}_p$, ${\rm PSL}(2, 7)$ and ${\rm PSL}(2, 11)$ are uniquely determined by $ {\operatorname{Exp}}_{\rho}(G)$. Furthermore, we prove that the groups ${\rm PSL}(2, 5)$ and ${\rm PSL}(2, 13)$ are uniquely determined by the parameters $ {\operatorname{Exp}}_{\rho}(G)$ and $|G|$. Additionally, we prove that if ${\operatorname{Exp}}_{\rho}(G) = {\operatorname{Exp}}_{\rho}(\mathbb{Z}_{2qr})$, then $G \cong {\rm PSL}(2, 5)$ or $G \cong \mathbb{Z}_{2qr}$, where $q$ and $r$ are distinct odd prime numbers.