MPC in the Quantum Head (or: Superposition-Secure (Quantum) Zero-Knowledge)
Andrea Coladangelo, Ruta Jawale, Dakshita Khurana, Giulio Malavolta, Hendrik Waldner

TL;DR
This paper extends the MPC-in-the-head technique to quantum settings, enabling zero-knowledge protocols secure against superposition-verifier attacks, with new protocols based on standard cryptographic assumptions like LWE.
Contribution
It generalizes MPC-in-the-head to quantum computations and introduces new zero-knowledge protocols secure against superposition attacks under standard assumptions.
Findings
Quantum MPC-in-the-head framework developed
Protocols secure against superposition attacks constructed
Security based on LWE assumption
Abstract
The MPC-in-the-head technique (Ishai et al., STOC 2007) is a celebrated method to build zero-knowledge protocols with desirable theoretical properties and high practical efficiency. This technique has generated a large body of research and has influenced the design of real-world post-quantum cryptographic signatures. In this work, we present a generalization of the MPC-in-the-head paradigm to the quantum setting, where the MPC is running a quantum computation. As an application of our framework, we propose a new approach to build zero-knowledge protocols where security holds even against a verifier that can obtain a superposition of transcripts. This notion was pioneered by Damgard et al., who built a zero-knowledge protocol for NP (in the common reference string model) secure against superposition attacks, by relying on perfectly hiding and unconditionally binding dual-mode…
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Taxonomy
TopicsCryptography and Data Security · Cryptographic Implementations and Security · Advanced Authentication Protocols Security
