Lamb-Dicke Dynamics of Interacting Rydberg Atoms Coupled to the Motion of an Optical Tweezer Array

TL;DR

This paper explores how the motion of Rydberg atoms in optical tweezer arrays influences their collective quantum dynamics, revealing various dynamical phases depending on trap frequency and Lamb-Dicke parameters.

Contribution

It models the coupled internal and motional degrees of freedom of Rydberg atoms, analyzing the impact of optical tweezer motion on many-body quantum dynamics.

Findings

Identification of dynamical phases such as Rabi oscillations, torus phase, and limit cycle phase.

Demonstration of the effect of trap frequency on collective atomic behavior.

Analysis of the role of Lamb-Dicke parameters in the dynamics.

Abstract

Neutral Rydberg atoms trapped in optical tweezer arrays provide a platform for quantum simulation and computation. In this work, we investigate the Lamb-Dicke dynamics of coupled Rydberg atoms for different trapping frequencies. We model the atomic motion by both internal and motional degrees of freedom, in which the motional states arise due to the oscillation of each atom in optical tweezer traps due to the light-atom interaction. In this setup, the internal states are coupled to a laser light with a Rabi frequency, while each internal state of each atom is also harmonically trapped with a trap frequency that depends on the internal state. The impact of the coherent motion of the optical tweezers on the collective dynamics of the many-body Rydberg atoms is explored for varying Lamb-Dicke parameters and with different trap frequencies. We see the occurrence of dynamical phases e.g., Rabi oscillations in the decoupled limit, the limit torus phase for magic trapping, and the limit cycle phase as the trap frequency is further increased.