Four types of phase transitions in interacting boson (meson) matter at high temperatures

TL;DR

This paper explores the thermodynamics of interacting relativistic boson-antiboson systems with conserved isospin density, revealing four distinct phase transition types to Bose-Einstein condensates, including three second-order and one first-order transition.

Contribution

It identifies and characterizes four different phase transition types in interacting boson matter at high temperatures within a mean-field framework, expanding understanding of phase behavior in such systems.

Findings

Four types of phase transitions identified

Three second-order and one first-order transition observed

Phase transition behavior depends on interaction strength

Abstract

The thermodynamics of the interacting system of relativistic particles and antiparticles in the presence of a Bose-Einstein condensate was investigated within the framework of the mean-field model. It is assumed that the total isospin (charge) density is conserved. We show that, depending on the strength of the interaction, a bosonic particle-antiparticle system exhibits four types of phase transitions to the condensate phase. Three types correspond to the second-order phase transition, while one is a first-order phase transition.