Natal kick by early-asymmetrical pairs of jets to the neutron star of supernova remnant S147

TL;DR

This paper proposes that early asymmetrical pairs of jets in a supernova remnant contributed to the neutron star's kick velocity, supported by morphological analysis and linking jet activity to observed features.

Contribution

It introduces the kick-BEAP mechanism within the jittering jets explosion framework, explaining the remnant's morphology and neutron star velocity with two pairs of unequal jets.

Findings

Two pairs of jets contributed to the neutron star kick velocity.

The remnant's morphology supports the presence of multiple jet episodes.

Estimated supernova remnant age is approximately 23,000 years.

Abstract

We analyze the bipolar morphology of the jet-shaped core-collapse supernova (CCSN) remnant (CCSNR) S147 and its neutron star (NS) kick velocity, and suggest that two pairs of unequal, opposite jets contributed to the NS kick velocity. This kick by early asymmetrical pairs (kick-BEAP) of jets mechanism operates within the framework of the jittering jets explosion mechanism (JJEM). We examine the prominent pair of large ears and, based on their flat structure rather than the more common conical structure of ears, conclude that two pairs of jets close in angle inflated the two opposite ears. We connect two opposite X-ray bright zones by an additional axis to create the full point-symmetric morphology of CCSNR S147. We propose that the two unequal jets that formed the X-ray bright zones imparted the first kick-BEAP, while the two pairs of jets that formed the ears imparted the second kick-BEAP. The two kick velocities are of about equal magnitude of ~450 km/s, which implies very energetic jets. Such jets can excite gravitational waves that present detectors can detect from the Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds. We use the morphology we identify to estimate the CCSNR age at 23,000 yr. Our results strengthen the JJEM.