Operators with the Kato property on Banach spaces

TL;DR

This paper introduces and studies operators with the Kato property on Banach spaces, exploring their structural implications and extending classical results in Banach space geometry.

Contribution

It defines the Kato property for operators and applies it to extend results on subspace structure and operator ranges in Banach spaces.

Findings

Operators with the Kato property include strictly singular operators.

Existence of subspaces with specific properties related to dense operator ranges.

Characterization of weak* separability of dual spaces via operator and subspace conditions.

Abstract

We consider a class of bounded linear operators between Banach spaces, which we call operators with the Kato property, that includes the family of strictly singular operators between those spaces. We show that if $T:E\to F$ is a dense-range operator with that property and $E$ has a separable quotient, then for each proper dense operator range $R\subset E$ there exists a closed subspace $X\subset E$ such that $E/X$ is separable, $T(X)$ is dense in $F$ and $R+X$ is infinite-codimensional. If $E^*$ is weak$^*$-separable, the subspace $X$ can be built so that, in addition to the former properties, $R\cap X = \{0\}$. Some applications to the geometry of Banach spaces are given. In particular, we provide the next extensions of well-known results of Johnson and Plichko: if $X$ and $Y$ are quasicomplemented but not complemented subspaces of a Banach space $E$ and $X$ has a separable quotient, then $X$ contains a closed subspace $X_1\subset X$ such that $\dim (X/X_1)= \infty$ and $X_1$ is a quasicomplement of $Y$, and that if $T:E\to F$ is an operator with non-closed range and $E$ has a separable quotient, then there exists a weak$^*$-closed subspace $Z\subset E^*$ such that $T^*(F^*)\cap Z = \{0\}$. Some refinements of these results, in the case that $E^*$ is weak$^*$-separable, are also given. Finally, we show that if $E$ is a Banach space with a separable quotient, then $E^*$ is weak$^*$-separable if, and only if, for every closed subspace $X\subset E$ and every proper dense operator range $R\subset E$ there exists a quasicomplement $Y$ of $X$ in $E$ such that $Y\cap R = \{0\}$.