A nontopological soliton with a dipole chromomagnetic field

TL;DR

This paper introduces a non-Abelian gauge model that features a novel nontopological soliton with a monopole-like core, a Q-ball-like shell, and a long-range dipole chromomagnetic field, analyzed through analytical and numerical methods.

Contribution

It presents a new type of nontopological soliton with unique magnetic and structural properties in a non-Abelian gauge theory.

Findings

The soliton has a monopole-like core and a Q-ball-like shell.

It exhibits a long-range dipole chromomagnetic field.

The chromomagnetic dipole moment is proportional to the soliton's size.

Abstract

A non-Abelian gauge model with a complex isovector scalar field and a sixth-order self-interaction potential is considered. It is shown that it has a nontopological soliton solution. The features of this soliton include a monopole-like core surrounded by a Q-ball-like shell, the existence of radially excited states, and a long-range dipole chromomagnetic field. The properties of the soliton are studied using analytical and numerical methods. In particular, the asymptotic dependencies of the energy and the Noether charge on a phase frequency are obtained for two extreme regimes. It is also found that in these two extreme regimes, the chromomagnetic dipole moment of the soliton is proportional to its linear size.