Effects of flame macrostructures on the combustion dynamics of novel counter-rotating radial swirl injector in a model can combustor

TL;DR

This study investigates how flame macrostructures influence combustion instabilities in a novel counter-rotating radial swirl injector, revealing how different flow geometries affect acoustic oscillations and flame behavior in a model can combustor.

Contribution

It provides new insights into the relationship between flame macrostructures and thermoacoustic oscillations using advanced measurement techniques and systematic variation of flow parameters.

Findings

Flare angle of 40° causes large-amplitude oscillations with shorter flames.

Flare angle of 90° results in low-amplitude oscillations with longer flames.

Rayleigh index analysis identifies regions that drive or dampen instability.

Abstract

This study explores the flame macrostructures observed during self-sustained thermoacoustic oscillations in a model can combustor featuring a novel counter-rotating swirler. The swirler is designed to achieve high shear, distributing 60% of the airflow through the primary passage and 40% through the secondary passage, with radial fuel injection introduced via a central lance. To examine the influence of flame macrostructures on combustion instabilities, the flow expansion angles at the combustor's dump plane are systematically varied. In the present study, we consider three different flare angles comprising $90^\circ$, $60^\circ$, and $40^\circ$ for Reynolds numbers and thermal powers ranging from 10500-16800 and $10-16.2$ kW, respectively. Acoustic pressure, high-speed stereo PIV, and high-speed OH$^*$ chemiluminescence measurements are conducted to scrutinize flow and flame macrostructures during combustion instability. Large-amplitude acoustic oscillations are observed for a flare angle of $40^\circ$, accompanied by shorter flames and wider central recirculation zones. In contrast, a flare angle of $90^\circ$ results in low-amplitude acoustic oscillations characterized by longer flames and narrower central recirculation zones. The phase-averaged Rayleigh index is utilized to pinpoint regions that drive or dampen thermoacoustic instability, enabling the identification of potential strategies for its mitigation. Additionally, time-series analysis is employed to reveal the dominant acoustic modes and their interaction with heat release rate fluctuations.